Until recently, audio systems have largely been analog. Now the trend is moving rapidly to digital implementations. While the literature contains most of the information needed to design and implement ...

One of the jobs of a circuit designer is to build a measurement system that provides valid input-to-output data as defined by the system requirements over a given frequency range. The four possible ...

Listen to the pop, sizzle, and hum. Look at the bars and wavy lines. These and other characteristics of electromagnetic interference (EMI) are very familiar. RF energy is radiated from a culprit ...

In part one of a two part series, we unpack why digital equalizers and filters sound characteristically harsh. By Christian Luther. Digital filters (for instance, in equalizer plugins) traditionally ...