The mechanical strength and toughness of engineering materials are often mutually exclusive, posing challenges for material design and selection. To address this, a research team from The Hong Kong ...

Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy. Although pure iron is not intrinsically strong, adding carbon imparts great strength to this material. Crude iron, which is used in steel production, has a high ...

Creeps are characterized as time-dependent permanent deformations that occur under constant stress at elevated temperatures. The material composition determines the onset of creep. For example, steel ...